(1) characteristics of the Japanese standard JISG4051-79 (94), high-quality carbon steel, used by the furnace, open hearth, or oxygen converter steelmaking method of manufacturing the entire static steel, the steel microstructure uniformity, and defect-free. The steel carbon content of 0.4%, and wear resistance, but the ductility reduction, quenching deformation and cracking, so the heat treatment is extremely important and must be tempered after quenching, in order to avoid the occurrence of temper embrittlement. Implementation of the steel ball through the treatment, can improve the cutting performance of these carbon steel.

(2) Availability state of hardness 137 ~ 170HBS,
      167 ~ 229HBS, 201 ~ 269HBS.

(3) chemical composition (mass fraction,%) C 0.42 ~ 0.48, Si 0.15 ~ 0.35, Mn 0.60 ~ 0.90, P ≤ 0.030, S ≤ 0.035, Cu ≤ 0.30, Ni ≤ 0.20, Cr ≤ 0.20.

(4) refer to the corresponding steel China GB / JB standard steel number is 45, the German DIN standard material number 1.0503, the French AFNOR standard steel CC45, the French NF standard steel C45, Italy UNI standard steel C45, the Belgian standard NBN steel No. C45-1, the Swedish standard steel SS 1650, Spain UNE standard steel F.114, U.S. AISI / SAE 1045 steel standard, international Organization for Standardization ISO standard steel C45E4, Japan JIS standard steel S45C/S48C, UK BS standard steel IC45/080A47.

(5), quenching, tempering standard quenching temperature 820 ℃ ~ 870 ℃, cooling, tempering temperature 550 ~ 650 ℃, came out very cold.

Tensile strength> 686MPa, yield strength> 490MPa, elongation δ5> 17%, shrinkage ψ> 45%, impact toughness values​​> 78J/cm2, hardness 201 ~ 269HB.